From a friend:
When baseball greats Babe Ruth and Lou
Gehrig went on tour in baseball-crazy Japan in 1934, some fans
wondered why a third-string catcher named Moe Berg was included.
The answer was
simple: Berg was a US
spy. Speaking 15 languages - including Japanese - Moe Berg had two
loves: baseball and spying.
In Tokyo, garbed in a
kimono, Berg took flowers to the daughter of an American diplomat being
treated in St. Luke's Hospital - the tallest building in the Japanese
capital.
He never
delivered the flowers. The ball-player ascended to the hospital roof and
filmed key features: the harbor, military installations, railway yards, etc.
Eight years
later, General Jimmy Doolittle studied Berg's films in planning his
spectacular raid on Tokyo.
Catcher Moe Berg
Berg's father,
Bernard Berg, a pharmacist in Newark,
New Jersey, taught his son
Hebrew and Yiddish. Moe, against his wishes, began playing baseball
on the street aged four.
His father
disapproved and never once watched his son play. In Barringer High School,
Moe learned Latin, Greek and French.
He graduated
magna cum laude from Princeton - having
added Spanish, Italian, German and Sanskrit to his linguistic quiver.
During further
studies at the Sorbonne, in Paris, and Columbia Law School,
he picked up Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Indian, Arabic, Portuguese and
Hungarian - 15 languages in all, plus some regional dialects.
While playing
baseball for Princeton
University, Moe Berg
would describe plays in Latin or Sanskrit.
Tito's partisans
During World War
II, he was parachuted into Yugoslavia
to assess the value to the war effort of the two groups of partisans there.
He reported back that Marshall Tito's forces were widely supported by
the people and Winston Churchill ordered all-out support for the Yugoslav
underground fighter, rather than Mihajlovic's Serbians.
The parachute
jump at age 41 undoubtedly was a challenge. But there was more to come in
that same year. Berg penetrated German-held Norway, met with members of the
underground and located a secret heavy water plant - part of the Nazis'
effort to build an atomic bomb. His information guided the Royal Air Force
in a bombing raid to destroy the plant.
The R.A.F.
destroys the Norwegian heavy water plant targeted by Moe Berg. There still
remained the question of how far had the Nazis progressed in the race to
build the first Atomic bomb. If the Nazis were successful, they would
win the war. Berg (under the code name "Remus") was sent to
Switzerland
to hear leading German physicist Werner Heisenberg, a Nobel Laureate,
lecture and determine if the Nazis were close to building an A-bomb.
Moe managed to slip past the SS guards at the auditorium, posing as a
Swiss graduate student. The spy carried in his pocket a pistol and a
cyanide pill.
If the German
indicated the Nazis were close to building a weapon, Berg was to shoot him
- and then swallow the cyanide pill. Moe, sitting in the front row,
determined that the Germans were nowhere near their goal, so he
complimented Heisenberg on his speech and walked him back to his hotel.
Werner Heisenberg - he blocked the Nazis from acquiring an atomic bomb.
Moe Berg's report
was distributed to Britain's Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, President
Franklin D. Roosevelt and key figures in the team developing the Atomic
Bomb. Roosevelt responded:
"Give my regards to the catcher." Most of Germany's leading physicists had been Jewish
and had fled the Nazis mainly to Britain
and the United States.
After the war,
Moe Berg was awarded the Medal of Merit
,America's
highest honor for a civilian in wartime. But Berg refused to accept,
as he couldn't tell people about his exploits.
After his death,
his sister accepted the Medal and it hangs in the Baseball Hall of Fame, in
Cooperstown,
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